Participation without power
Public engagement is often expensive, episodic, and unrepresentative, producing input that is easy to ignore and hard to translate into legitimate decisions. At the same time, complex challenges like housing affordability, climate adaptation, AI governance, education, and healthcare require deliberation on trade-offs, not just sentiment.
A second layer of the challenge is data. Communities generate valuable civic insight through participation, but too often the rules are opaque, value is extracted, and benefits do not flow back to the people whose knowledge made the process possible. This reinforces unequal power dynamics and weakens trust.
